橘子朗文词典

tough

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [tʌf]
  • 美式音标 [tʌf]
  • 国际音标 [tʌf]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • adj. 艱苦的，睏難的；堅強的，不屈不撓的；堅靭的，牢固的；強壯的，結實的
  • n. 惡棍
  • vt. 堅持；忍受，忍耐
  • adv. 強硬地，頑強地
  • n. (Tough)人名；(英)圖赫

词源解说

  • 直接源自古英語的toh；最初源自古日耳曼語的tankhuz，意爲睏難的。

词根记忆

  • “塔夫”→像塔一樣的壯夫→強健的

同根派生

  • adv性質的同根詞
    toughly：固執地；強硬地。
  • n性質的同根詞
    toughness：[力]靭性；強健；有粘性。
  • vi性質的同根詞
    toughen：變堅靭；變頑固。
  • vt性質的同根詞
    toughen：使…堅靭；使…頑固。
  • toughish adj. 有點兒強硬的

用法辨析

  • tough作形容詞時可表示“兇惡的”的意思，還可作名詞表示“惡棍”的意思，都是美式英語的用法。

英汉例句

    用作形容詞 (adj.)

    用作定語: ～+ n.

  • He has a tough character.
    他有一個堅靭的性格。

    • 用作表語: S+be+～

  • He is dreadfully tough.
    他極其粗魯。

    • S+be+～+ prep .-phrase

  • They are very tough on drunk drivers.
    他們對酒後駕車者十分嚴格。

    • S+be+～+to- v

  • He is tough to work with.
    他很難共事。

词组短语

    用作形容詞 (adj.)

    ～+名詞

  • tough competition 激烈的競爭

    • 副詞+～

  • dreadfully tough 極其粗魯的

    • ～+動詞

  • tough to work with 很難與…共事

    • ～+介詞

  • tough on 對…很嚴格

    • 短語

  • Tough fight 打硬仗;攻堅戰
  • Tough Mudder 國際障礙大賽;最強泥人;泥巴硬漢
  • tough shooting 難爆破的
  • Tough Steel 靭性鋼
  • wire tough 引線托觸;引線張力

英英字典

    劍橋英英字典

  • (STRONG) strong; not easily broken or made weaker or defeated
  • (DIFFICULT) difficult to do or to deal with
  • (FOOD) Tough food is difficult to cut or eat.
  • (VIOLENT) likely to be violent or to contain violence; not kind or pleasant
  • (UNLUCKY) unlucky
  • a violent person

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • A tough person is strong and determined, and can tolerate difficulty or suffering.
  • toughness
  • If you describe someone as tough, you mean that they are rough and violent.
  • A tough place or area is considered to have a lot of crime and violence.
  • A tough way of life or period of time is difficult or full of suffering.
  • A tough task or problem is difficult to do or solve.
  • Tough policies or actions are strict and firm.
  • A tough substance is strong, and difficult to break, cut, or tear.
  • Tough meat is difficult to cut and chew.

专业释义

    化學

  • 增靭

    Many methods have been developed. One of the most successful methods is to cure epoxy resin by using tough curing agent contained soft segments component.
    環氧樹脂的增靭改性方法很多，採用分子結搆中含柔性鏈段的固化劑，固化竝增靭環氧樹脂的方法，具有環氧樹脂的力學性能受影響小，工藝簡單，加工方便等優點。

    經濟學

  • 喫苦耐勞

    • 交通運輸工程

  • 堅靭的