橘子朗文词典

strains

S 开头单词词源字典

基本解释

  • n. [微] 菌株（strain复数）；种族
  • v. [力] 拉紧；使过度劳累（strain的第三人称单数形式）

词源解说

  • 1400年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的estreindre，意为拉紧，挤压；最初源自古典拉丁语的stringere，意为拉紧，绑紧。

同根派生

     

用法辨析

    v. (动词)

  • strain的基本意思是“拉紧”,强调过度使用、过于操劳、过于用力致使身体的某部分肌肉、器官损伤,可特指肌肉或韧带拉伤。引申指“竭尽全力…,努力…”。
  • strain既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语。
  • strain接介词at表示“拉紧”; 接for或after表示“使劲”。
  • strain与stress的区别：过度紧张（strain）是由stress（压力）产生的结果，而压力stress是相邻的物体或部分之间的相互作用，由此可导致物体形态或尺寸的改变；
  • strain同sprain的比较：sprain（扭伤）是指脚踝或手腕瞬间扭伤的结果，而strain是肌肉用力过强或过久所导致的结果。

英汉例句

    用作动词 (v.)

    用作不及物动词: S+～(+A)

  • The sporters strained and struggled.
    运动员奋力扭动摔打。

    • 用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • They strained the wire between two posts.
    他们拉紧了两根电线杆之间的电线。

    • 其他

  • The mistake has caused strained relations between the manager and his staff.
    这个错误造成了经理同雇员之间的紧张关系。

词组短语

    用作动词 (v.)

    ～+名词

  • strain one 's ears 竖起耳朵听
  • strain every nerve 竭尽全力
  • strain excessively 过分地拉紧
  • strain feebly 无力地拉紧
  • strain furiously 疯狂拉紧

英英字典

    柯林斯英英字典

  • If strain is put on an organization or system, it has to do more than it is able to do.
  • To strain something means to make it do more than it is able to do.
  • Strain is a state of worry and tension caused by a difficult situation.
  • If you say that a situation is a strain, you mean that it makes you worried and tense.
  • Strain is a force that pushes, pulls, or stretches something in a way that may damage it.
  • Strain is an injury to a muscle in your body, caused by using the muscle too much or twisting it.
  • If you strain a muscle, you injure it by using it too much or twisting it.
  • If you strain to do something, you make a great effort to do it when it is difficult to do.
  • When you strain food, you separate the liquid part of it from the solid parts.
  • A strain of a germ, plant, or other organism is a particular type of it.

专业释义

    农业科学

  • 品系

    Strain 90-36 has higher defensive ability to light inhibition damage than other three strains.
    品系90-36具有相对较强的防御光抑制破坏的能力。

  • 菌种

    Objective The aim was to determine the optimum compound proportion of strains.
    目的确定最佳菌种复配比例。

  • 株系

    So, we think they are different strains which belong to the same type.
    所以，它们应属于同一类病毒的不同的病毒株系。

    机械工程

  • 菌群

    There are four main strains including Bacillus licheniformis, Virgibacillus carmonensis, Bacillus sp. TAT112, Bacillus galactosidilyticus in later period.
    从中期到后期优势条带相似性较大,菌群群落结构比较稳定,主要优势菌为：Bacillus licheniformis, Virgibacillus carmonensis, Bacillus sp.TAT112, Bacillus galactosidilyticus。